better-color-tools

better-color-tools

Color parser and better color manipulation through the power of science! 🧪 Uses Oklab/Oklch for better color operations.

The JS version of this libray is fast (~200k ops/s), lightweight (5.7 kB gzip), and dependency-free. The Sass version… is Sass (which has no runtime).

🏀 Playground

Usage

npm install better-color-tools

JavaScript

Works in the browser (ESM) and Node (14+).

Importing

import better from 'better-color-tools';

Input

// CSS format
better.from('#b3f6e6'); // hex string
better.from('rebeccapurple'); // CSS keyword
better.from('rgb(136, 48, 62)'); // CSS sRGB
better.from('hsl(210, 85%, 37%)'); // CSS HSL
better.from('hwb(210, 6%, 31%)'); // CSS HWB
better.from('oklab(48.56949% -0.03971 -0.14459)'); // CSS Oklab
better.from('oklch(83.11253% 0.22612 147.35276)'); // CSS Oklch

// Other JS formats
better.from(0xb3f6e6); // hex integer (note: only mode that doesn’t support transparency)
better.from([0.533, 0.188, 0.243, 1]); // sRGB array/P3 (normalized to 1)
better.from({ r: 0.533, g: 0.188, b: 0.243, alpha: 1 }); // sRGB/P3 object (normalized to 1)
better.from({ h: 210, s: 0.85, l: 0.37, alpha: 1 }); // HSL object
better.from({ h: 210, w: 0.06, b: 0.31, alpha: 1 }); // HWB object
better.from({ l: 0.4856949, a: -0.03971, b: -0.14459, alpha: 1 }); // Oklab object (not CIELAB)
better.from({ l: 0.8311253, c: 0.22612, h: 147.35276, alpha: 1 }); // Oklch object (not CIELCh)

This library understands any CSS-valid color, including CSS Color Module 4 (but if some aspect isn’t implemented yet, please request it!).

Playground

Output

This library converts to most web-compatible formats¹, with an emphasis on usefulness over completeness:

const c = better.from('rgba(136, 48, 62, 1)');

// CSS formats
c.hex; // #b3f6e6
c.rgb; // rgb(179, 246, 230) (note: will output rgba() if alpha < 1)
c.p3; // color(display-p3 0.701961 0.964706 0.901961)
c.linearRGB; // color(srgb-linear 0.450786 0.921582 0.791298)
c.oklab; // oklab(92.404387% -0.070395 0.002188)
c.oklch; // oklch(92.404387% 0.070429 178.219895)
c.xyz; // color(xyz-d65 0.658257 0.812067 0.870716)

// JS formats
c.hexVal; // 0xb3f6e6
const [r, g, b, alpha] = c.rgbVal; // [0.701961, 0.964706, 0.901961, 1]
const [r, g, b, alpha] = c.p3Val; // [0.701961, 0.964706, 0.901961, 1]
const [lr, lg, lb, alpha] = c.linearRGBVal; // [0.450786, 0.921582, 0.791298, 1]
const [l, a, b, alpha] = c.oklabVal; // [0.924044, -0.070395, 0.002188, 1]
const [l, c, h, alpha] = c.oklchVal; // [0.924044, 0.070429, 178.219895, 1]
const [x, y, z, alpha] = c.xyzVal; // [0.658257, 0.812067, 0.870716, 1]

As a minor implementation detail, all of those properties are getters, so no work is wasted converting to colorspaces you haven’t explicitly asked for.

¹The following formats aren’t supported as outputs:

• HSL isn’t supported because you shouldn’t use it
• HWB isn’t supported because it’s another form of HSL
• CIELAB/CIELCh aren’t supported because Oklab/Oklch are superior

For a comprehensive color conversion library, see Culori.

Adjust

To adjust a color via Oklch, append .adjust() along with the adjustments to make:

better.from('#0060ff').adjust({ lightness: 0.5 }); // set lightness to 50% (absolute)
better.from('#0060ff').adjust({ mode: 'relative', lightness: -0.1 }); // darken lightness by 10%

You can adjust lightness, chroma, and hue altogether, and you can either operate in relative or absolute (default) mode.

P3

This library supports P3 by expanding the sRGB space into the P3 gamut 1:1. For example, 100% red sRGB is converted to 100% red P3:

const red = '#ff0000';
better.from(red).rgb; // rgb(255, 0, 0)
better.from(red).p3; // color(display-p3 1 0 0)

Playground

This is the practice recommended by WebKit because when dealing with web colors you probably intend to take full advantage of that expanded gamut and this is the easiest, quickest way to do so without dealing with the specifics of both the sRGB and P3 gamuts. This gives you more vibrant colors in supporting browsers without your colors appearing “off.”

While you wouldn’t want to use this technique for other methods such as photo manipulation, for CSS purposes this method is ideal (which better-color-tools assumes you’re using this for). Any deviation between this library’s implementation of P3 from others’ are intentional.

Mix

This uses Oklab (best) by default, but also supports oklch, lms, sRGB, and linearRGB colorspaces for mixing.

better.mix('red', 'lime', 0.35); // Mix `red` and `lime` 35%, i.e. more red
better.mix('blue', 'magenta', 0.5, 'linearRGB'); // Mix `blue` and `magenta` 50% using linearRGB colorspace

Playground

Lighten / Darken

This takes hue and human perception into account for visually-accurate results. Also, fun fact: both functions accept negative values.

better.lighten('red', 0.5); // Lighten color by 50%
better.darken('red', 0.5); // Darken color by 50%

Playground

Lightness

Get the human-perceived lightness of any color (identical to the first value of .oklabVal)

better.lightness('#fc7030'); // 0.7063999

Playground

Adjust

Manipulation is done through Oklch which is optimized for manual tweaking. Call the .adjust() method to manipulate the color (they can even be chained together for multiple, incremental adjustments

import better from 'better-color-tools';
better
  .from('#5a00a6')
  .adjust({
    mode: 'relative',
    hue: 5, // rotate hue by 5° (from wherever it was)
    chroma: 0.1, // increase chroma by `0.1`
  })
  .adjust({
    mode: 'absolute',
    lightnes: 0.6, // set lightness to absolute 60%
  }).hex; // #60009e

Note that if mode is omitted, the default value is 'absolute'.

Contrast Ratio

Get WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio for 2 colors. The order doesn’t matter.

better.contrastRatio('#37ca93', '#055af6'); // { ratio: 2.4,   AA: false, AAA: false }
better.contrastRatio('#37ca93', '#4474cc'); // { ratio: 4.5,   AA: true,  AAA: false }
better.contrastRatio('#37ca93', '#002c7b'); // { ratio: 12.76, AA: true,  AAA: true }

Light or dark?

Should you overlay white or black text over a color? This will figure out whether a color is perceptually “dark” or “light,” taken directly from Myndex’s “flip for color” technique. You can then use white text for dark colors, and vice-versa.

Note: though it would be reasonable to assume this just checks whether Oklab’s l (lightness) value is over or under 0.5, there’s a bit more to it)

better.lightOrDark('#2d659e'); // "dark" (white text will show better)
better.lightOrDark('#b2d6d3'); // "light" (black text will show better)

Sass

Works with any version of Dart Sass (the current version).

Importing

@use 'better-color-tools' as better;

Mix

.foo {
  color: better.mix('red', 'lime', 0.35);
}

Uses Oklab for best results (which yields much better results than Sass’ mix).

Lighten / Darken

.foo:hover {
  color: better.lighten('blue', 0.2);
  border-color: better.darken('blue', 0.15);
}

Lightens (or darkens) color via Oklab for human-perceived lightness value (which yields much better results than Sass’ lighten/darken:

P3

.foo {
  color: better.p3(#f00); // color(display-p3 1 0 0)
}

Convert any Sass-readable color to P3.

Fallback

.foo {
  @include better.fallback('color', better.p3(#f00), #f00);
  // color: #f00;
  // color: color(display-p3 1 0 0);
}

Mixin for adding CSS fallbacks. Can take infinite arguments. Specify desired format first, followed by fallbacks.

Oklab

$oklab: better.rgbToOklab(#f00); // (l: 0.6279554, a: 0.22486, b: 0.12585)
$rgb: better.oklabToRGB($oklab); // #f00

Converts any Sass-readable color to an Oklab map of (l: …, a: …, b: –). The Sass map can either be used to make a CSS string:

@use 'sass:map';

.foo {
  color: oklab(#{map.get($oklab, 'l')} #{map.get($oklab, 'a')} #{map.get($oklab, 'b')});
  color: better.oklabToRGB($oklab); // fallback
}

Or for color manipulation:

$oklab-lighter: map.set($oklab, 'l', 0.8);

Lightness

Get the human-perceived lightness of any color (identical to the first value of .oklabVal):

$lightness: better.lightness(#f00);

Project summary

This project is meant to provide the best possible method for common color operations such as mixing, lightening/darkening, and conversion. This library is not comprehensive, and doesn’t support any colorspaces that don’t serve a practical purpose (limiting colorspaces helps this library optimize for performance over completeness, not to mention ease-of-use). If you are well-versed in color science and need a comprehensive library, consider Culori or Color.js instead.

To learn more, see Project Goals